Should I Get HDTV With My Cable TV Service
HDTV, or high-definition television, is a system of digital television broadcasting that offers higher resolution than standard-definition TV. It is broadcast digitally, as opposed to analog broadcasting.
This new system requires higher bandwidths, and the U. S. Federal Communications Commission alongside the TV industry, has taken steps to ensure it can be properly introduced in the United States.
Adoption of this type of broadcasting was slow to be picked up. Standardization was a difficult process due to technical and economic reasons, which prevented satellite distribution and recording. Japan, nonetheless, first made the switch from analog to digital, high-definition TV airing in 2007.
Europe followed suit and first introduced the technique by airing Vienna New Year’s concert in HD on the HD1 channel in 2004. The U. S. Has also made strides in developing high-def programming. It was first introduced to the market in the 90’s by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, with the first broadcast airing in 1996 out of North Carolina. The country is working to make a full switch away from standard-definition television.
High-def TV offers greater picture quality and higher image resolution as a result of three defining characteristics. These include frame size, scanning system and frame rates that are specific to the higher-definition programming and not possible with analog television.
HD television requires specific equipment, including a HD-ready television, tuner and cable box with cable card slot. Because equipment specifications vary by location, it is best to consult with cable professionals before purchase or installation.
The newer, more advanced high-definition system allows for video storage and recording of live broadcasts. TiVo is one of the most widely known cable boxes allowing for such recording, as well as the ability to view more than one program at the same time.
American cable companies are required by federal legislation to provide the necessary tools, tuners and cable boxes for their customers to obtain digital recording capabilities.
Traditionally, these television products have been available for in-store purchase with in-home installation. Now, however, online purchases are becoming more common and available around the country.
High-def TV sets can range in price from as low as four hundred dollars to more than five thousand dollars, depending on the retailer and model. Some have been sold for as much as fifteen thousand dollars. It is expected that as high-definition television becomes increasingly popular, prices will begin and continue to drop, making it easier and more attainable for most consumers.
There are several advantages to HD. This includes better picture quality, regardless of the screen size. Editing of the pictures allows for better video progression as opposed to the cutting short of frames in analog broadcasting. Also, stations can air several signals with the same bandwidth, also known as “multicasting”. This new system also allows for additional and interactive content. The major disadvantage of this new system is that it is not compatible with analog TVs, which cannot decode or display the signals. This requires converters or the purchase of a new television set.
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Change From Cable To Satellite Dishes
The competition that cable companies use these days to get your business is really great for the customer. The all have package deals at great prices. I am going to show you how to get internet and cable on satellite dishes. As with cable companies there are also satellite companies who offer even better package deals than the cable providers. I will take you on a tour of the services available to you.
Most TV providers have a list of packages which are made up of several TV channels that you can order. You choose your package and a company representative will come to your home. They will then install the dish for you and check to make sure it is working properly before leaving your home. You will have to pay a monthly charge for this service just as you would your local cable company.
If you did not know before, satellite companies offer television along with internet services now. They will put the two services together into one package which means you will be paying lesser monthly price. They will an install both the same day, which is really convenient for you. After they install everything you will have internet immediately as well as the television service.
You could also include telephone service through the same provider. They have all the features that other telephone companies offer. The worker will come and install the telephone line into your home and will test the line to make sure it is in working order. Most providers will offer a package that includes the television, internet and telephone service and you will pay one bill once a month for those services.
Although satellite dishes are great they are not perfect. As with everything it has the pros and cons. Some of the pros include the service is available in the most rural areas where regular cable television service is not. The dish offers more television channels that most cable service providers. You can get telephone and internet service with the dish. The cost is comparable to the price of cable television services.
One of the undesirable things about satellite service is that your picture will fade or totally be gone when there is bad weather in your area. There is no way to stop this from happening. This may or may not be a deal breaker for you. If you feel that this is not an issue then that is wonderful. Remember though that losing the picture will not last forever, when the weather clears your picture will return.
The only way to find out about the satellite companies verses the cable companies is to call each of them. Find out what their package deals are and you will discover the differences in the two companies. Both companies will offer specials throughout the year for first time customers, so watch for those. After comparing the two you will be able to decide which company will get your business.
After you have all the information on the cable and satellite companies then you can begin to put the two side by side. As you are doing this keep the costs and the services you will receive in mind. What might help you is checking the prices, the services and the reputation of each company. After you do all of this then you will make a final decision of who gets your business.
Start saving money quick when you get a satellite dish for your home! You’ll find satellite dishes that can meet your needs fast and easy!
Which Are The Major Dependable Routers?
We seldom find people complaining about their Wi-Fi routers. They are pretty much satisfied with the performance these devices are giving. According to a survey, less than a quarter of survey respondents reported having one or more problems with their routers. Just under three-fourths of our surveyed router users said that either they are very satisfied or extremely satisfied with the reliability of their Wi-Fi routers. But, there are many factors which affect the quality of service of a router, which might not be easily visible, however, can be beneficial if the network is being used in a way which reflects even small cracks.
Many factors, like quality of service, price, reliability, endurance, affect of air distortion, reconnection time, number of disconnections etc. account for a router as being reliable or inconsistent. Sometimes, the setting of the house can disturb the signals of the router, including devices like energy saving light bulbs, microwaves, televisions, mirrors, windows, and any infra-red device, and if it is an old house with steel in the structure, it will also do the damage.
There are a number of big names in the networks industry, famous for their routers including Cisco, Foundry, Sun Microsystems, Juniper and Extreme Networks. Cisco by far is the leading brand in networking hardware and software. Cisco routers provide asset recovery, 90-days warranty and remarkable quality, which always assure a decent resale value. Cisco routers are also the most used wireless networking devices around the world.
Juniper routers deliver a dependable and secure wireless infrastructure for an enterprise looking for strategic network requirements. 25 of the largest government and enterprise customers of the world rely on Juniper Networks innovations that provide highly scalable and reliable networking and security platforms to deliver the best user experience with the lowest total cost of operations. Some users have graded Apple slightly above the other router brand names due to its reliability and usability.
According to a test carried out by SmallNetBuilder on the basis of quality of service and reliability, D-Link Extreme N Storage Router came on top of the list. Apple was second to be seen with its Airport Extreme Base Station. Other names like Linksys, Trendnet, Netgear etc were in the list. ACM and IEEE have jointly released a paper titled “An analytic technique for router comparison”, which consists of detailed techniques of regression testing of wireless routers.
Although there are pros and cons of using routers from different companies, but in order to make the working of your router more reliable, you can follow a few smart steps. Always position your router in a central location. Replace the antenna time of your router again and try to keep it away from floor, walls and metal. Add a wireless repeater, if required, and change your wireless channel. Pick the equipment from a single vendor and try to reduce wireless interference around its range. Using these tricks, one can surely improve the reliability of a router.
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Find The Best Registry Repair Cleaner
To find the best registry cleaner software is easy. Run a test on a few products and consider the following criteria: 1) is the scan accurate and precise? 2) Are backups a part of the software? This is very important. 3) Does the software list the problems? Is it able repair the damages incurred without any issues at all? 4) Is it user friendly? Are the updates easy to understand? 5) Does it provide quality customer service? 6) What special features does it possess? When all these questions are answered with a yes, then you have found the best registry cleaner software that suits your PC.
Many applications will just run a scan on the surface of the registry. The cleaner has to undergo a complete scan to detect each file before it is able to fix any any crucial problems. The duration of time a scan takes is not that important, if all files are detected. However, you have to take this into consideration so that you will find the best registry cleaner software.
The application must for to be able to repair all problems uncovered after doing the deep scan without causing any interference with other programs, like firewall and antivirus. Many applications fall short in repairing all the problems because the antivirus and the firewall consider the cleaner a threat and would eventually block it.
Excellent customer service and, of course, regular updates are needed because these assure you that your program is able to do updates whenever a crucial problem occurs. You can then ask for assistance from a professional in dealing with this.
Special features are a big plus points for running the software.They give you extra tools for easy tasks. Examples are a short cut to scan disk, disk defragmenter, and the like.
Learn more about how to find the registry cleaner. Stop by Mac Macnicle’s site where you can find out all about registry cleaners and what it can do for you.
What is Cable Internet Service?
Unlike your DSL internet access, cable internet is acquired through your local Cable TV provider. This usually provides internet access faster than most of the broadband services available.
This technology uses your existing cable TV lines to access the internet. You will pay an additional fee to your cable TV provider for this extra service. If you were previously using dial up internet connection, you will probably notice a huge speed increase when you access the internet.
The advantage of this broadband internet connection than other types of broadband is speed. It typically offers faster speeds than most broadband internet types such as the DSL and satellite internet.
However, your cable internet speed depends largely on how many people is subscribing in the same company. The more the subscriber, the more you will be sharing bandwidth, therefore, the slower your internet will be.
Cable internet is also slightly more expensive than DSL internet.
Since a cable internet has a high-speed internet connection, it offers many benefits, whether for personal use or for business.
Cable internet connection can give you the ability to download files and software faster than any other type of internet connection. This means you can share more files faster, like pictures to your friends and family wherever they are.
Another advantage is that you can play online multiplayer games and join small communities in virtual worlds.
With fast internet connection, you can use VoIP internet phones. This technology allows you to call relatives wherever they are in the world for little or no fee. VoIP also has built in features that your traditional phone company considers as additional features and charges expensive fees. Some additional features are the video phone calls, caller ID, call waiting, voice messages, long distance calls, conference calls and more.
With cable internet access, you can now play internet radio smoothly and high audio quality than dial ups can offer. You can also watch video streams like short online movies or music videos in the internet without interruptions in cable internet access.
You can also watch the latest sport events in the internet with this internet connection. Because it is fast, there will be no interruptions while you are watching.
Buying music online will be more convenient and cheaper than buying on your local music stores. All you have to do is go to an online music store and download your favorite music.
Download your favorite movies in the internet. With dial ups, these can take days or even weeks, therefore expensive. With cable internet, you can download full-length movies in a matter of hours.
Businesses can also benefit with cable internet access. Instead of traveling, they can do meetings using video conferencing. This feature can save them many travel expenses by just attending a meeting or product presentation to their clients. They can now easily close deals, therefore, more profit to their business.
Are you a student doing your homework? With cable internet, you no longer have to run to the public library to do all your research, the internet is a huge library itself and can provide you as much information as you want about your research. Since cable internet is fast, you can visit many websites to do your research and finish half the time than by using dial ups.
There are more advantages by using cable internet services. It can benefit your studies, businesses, or you can simply entertain yourself by listening to music, playing online multiplayer games or watch movies.
Communicating to your family and friends are also easier and much more convenient than a dial up internet can provide.
Learn more at Cable Internet Service & Voip Internet
Will the Smartphone replace pocket digital cameras, ipods and PDAS.
Today’s technology buzzword in transportable communications is ’smartphone’. Those days with any phone simply making calls(and, if you were really blessed, take terrible pictures) happen to be well and truly over. The challenging, tech- savvy public would like a telephone that will provide them with an array of features, which includes Internet access, the ability to send and accept emails as well as to amend Word documents. Any smartphone will do all this- and much more. For you to truly be aware of how very important a development smartphones happen to be, we firstly need to think about the history.
The smartphone is an accomplished convergence of the standard transportable or mobile as well as individual digital organizers (PDAs) like the Palm Pilot. While a cellular telephone was first made only to make and receive calls, PDAs were used as portable, personalized organisers. A PDA could keep your contact data plus a ‘to do’ inventory and also link along with the main PC. Since communications technology moved on, PDAs developed the ability to get and mail e-mail. Cell phones, in the meantime, acquired a variety of new features including messaging capabilities. The two systems ran together for a while, each getting similar capabilities as the other, such as wireless facility. Finally, somebody had a bright concept of combining both into one, convenient bundle. The smartphone was given birth to.
The crucial features of a smartphone all depend on the make or model you decide to acquire, however the bare minimum requirements to find or consider once buying a smartphone are:
The Operating System
Usually, a smartphone is going to be based on an operating system which permits it to run productivity applications. For example, the Blackberry runs its own operating system, while some run on Windows mobile. You can find smartphones that operate a scaled down variation of Linux, but these find it a struggle to remain competitive against the all- overcoming Windows or Apple ‘Aps’ models. If you are seeking a smartphone, contemplate what operating systems your different technology is operating if you need to successfully interface your smartphone with the pc, e.g..
The Software
While almost all cellphones consist of some sort of program, smartphones probably have carried this toward an entire new degree. A top notch smartphone offers you the ability to make and amend Microsoft Office documents, download applications, for instance personal finance managers, change images, view a GPS navigation system and create a play list of electronic digital music. The eruption of ‘aps’(applications) with regard to the most up-to-date, touch screen phones will be pressing software towards the limit, by means of downloadable software applications for virtually everything else you can mention.
Online access
Following a tech- keen consumer demanding 24/7 use of the online market place, no self- respecting smartphone would likely deny people world wide web access. Probably the most advanced smartphones can access the Internet at higher pace, because of the evolution of 3G information networks and also the supplement of Wi- Fi assistance.
Qwerty keyboard
If you are going to be sending messages from the phone, you require a qwerty keyboard ability. These might be part of the hardware(like a personal computer keyboard but in miniature) or as on the new touch screen phones, part of a display screen.
Messaging
All cellphones will send and obtain texts, however smartphones can go one better and even obtain e-mail. Some are also able to have use of favorite instant messaging internet sites for instance MSN or even Yahoo! Messenger.
It’s not only this technology that makes a smartphone smart. It’s the application of that technology into creating a cellphone which really does much more than only send and receive phone calls and also take dreadful photos or graphics. That smartphone may be the death of ipods, pocket digital cameras and of the palm pilot- why possess a poket full of technology when you can amalgamate everything within one, light, simple to operate transportable smartphone?
Andrew Harvey has been using smartphone APPS for several years for his tips on the best Apps go to best-smartphone.org. For information on http://broadband-adsl-shop.co.uk/smartphones.html and how it is used for smartphones go to The Mobile Broadband Shop.
Exactly What Does Broadband Deliver And Therefore Just How Does It Work
These days, broadband is a word which may be tossed about readily in telecommunications as well as internet language; however the average customer could be asking the question how does broadband operate. You can understand the reason why; the technology industry also has problems defining it understandably. So exactly how does broadband operate? Broadband can be said to be a class of communication channel efficient at supporting lots of frequencies, normally starting with sound right the way up to video wavelengths. A broadband channel is able to take several signals simply by separating the overall capacity into numerous, independent bandwidth channels, where each and every channel works merely on a specific selection of frequencies. Let us take a look at every section so as to comprehend exactly how broadband functions.
The very first part of picking up your question exactly how does broadband operate is to ponder this term, a type of communication channel. We can easily comprehend that it’s more advanced than an obvious type of communication channel in which people make use of- the normal telephone lines. Telephone lines, likewise named baseband lines, usually bring 29.6kbps of analog signals when used with regard to voice communications. However because of the advent of the internet, individuals started to request speedier information transmission. A normal, baseband telephone line should transport up to 56kbps of information by using a high- speed modem, but devoid of extra technology, that is its maximum potential.
Which was not on the whole speedy enough in order to keep up with the normal person’s interest in and dependence on the internet; this is what amounted to the interest in broadband. So exactly how can broadband work? Say you imagine a baseband line as having a single channel in order to transport information; you’ll be able to think of a broadband line as possessing numerous channels that you just utilize at the same time. Not only that, but a broadband connection is competent at carrying a wider variety and different kinds of wavelengths, meaning various kinds of information. Plus the items it will transport, it carries faster. When we commute on the interstate, what did you find if there are insufficient lanes with regard to the number of cars on the road? All of them are required to go slower.
The equivalent happens with the World Wide Web. Think of your connection to the online as a tunnel that links your computer to the web. A regular phone line will let no more than a small amount of information to pass through it at any one time. By comparison, a broadband is a bigger (or broader) tunnel, enabling a bigger quantity of data to traverse your link at one time. The width of this tunnel is named “bandwidth.” The more bandwidth there is, the more rapidly you can transfer information. Together with broadband support, you may also download and read files which necessitate a great deal of different types of wavelengths, for instance sound and video data files.
This is the partial reply to the issue what makes broadband so efficient but the other has got to do with the method that allow broadband facilities to compress and transmit the info that you’re sending. Return to those cars heading down the motorway analogy. Let us for a moment imagine all of a sudden all of the cars could be miniaturized? So what on earth will this do to the traffic jam? Or else if they could use the entire area available in the tunnel and go flying over the top of your car, between and under autos, and even pass through other cars you get the picture. Broadband technology not just broadens the channels you’ve got; it also utilizes them way better. That means you can get more out of the bandwidth you have. Broadband makes your world wide web encounter faster and much more efficient overall.
For more info about Broadbandstop by Corbets site where he provides a lot of answers. Corbet also has some great facts about the availability of broadband
Switch To Cable Internet Service To Get Faster Connection
Honestly, when I first intended to subscribe to an internet service, I was unsure what it would cost me. What I knew was it would run much faster than the internet connection I was using. Fortunately, after performing a bit research I found that actually a cable internet service was less expensive than dial-up.
Before cable internet was introduced on the internet, you may say that we have no choice but to deploy dial-up connection to surf the world wide web. Although the connection was not reliable, people could not get anything other than dial up. Even for downloading some pictures you had to waste much time to finish this process. It could be worse when you were trying to grab a clip, particularly when you had to start from the beginning because of an interruption. Though it might not happen so often because multimedia contents were not something common that time, this experience is very annoying.
In recent years, many webmasters offer clips to their site visitors. This is where this high data rate internet access comes into play.
Try to download a long movie with this high-speed connection and you will realize that it can give a much faster result compared with dial-up connection. Although how fast the process can be will also be determined by the number of people who are performing the same activity and other aspects, in most cases what used to take a half hour or more to accomplish now only takes a few minutes.
In essence, this high-speed internet service allows data transfer that much higher rate than standard dial-up. One more great thing about cable internet is do not worry about the amount of time you have spent surfing and the number of files you have downloaded, the monthly payment will stay the same.
Cable internet does not use phone line so, similar with DSL, the line is still available while connecting to the internet at the same time. This means you can still do any activities on the internet like watching a movie online while talking on the phone. With all of the features offered, cable internet is pretty cheap.
These days, however there still are areas that are not covered by this high-speed internet connection. If you are lucky enough to live in a place where cable internet is available, then you should strongly consider to make a switch.
NetNoWires.com - Updated info related to wireless internet connection
CCNA 3 Router Static Route Lab
In preparation of your CCNA exam, we want to make sure we cover the various concepts that we could see on your Cisco CCNA exam. So to assist you, below we will discuss one of the more difficult CCNA concepts; the Three Router Static Route Lab. As you progress through your CCNA exam studies, I am sure with repetition you will find this topic becomes easier. So even though it may be a difficult concept and confusing at first, keep at it as no one said getting your Cisco certification would be easy!
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Objective In this lab, you will configure static routes between all three routers. This will allow your routers to route packets so that all routers and all hosts will be able to reach (ping) each other. Once your configuration is complete, you will use basic techniques to test your network’s connectivity.
Scenario Three separate classful networks need routing between them and their subnets.
Questions: What are the different classful networks? 1. ________________ 2. ________________ 3. ________________ 4. ________________ 5. ________________ Are there any subnets? If so, what are they? 1. _______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5. _______________ Setup Configure the cabling as shown in the network diagram If the routers have a startup-config, erase it and perform a reload of the routers. Important! Configure the routers to include hostnames and the proper interface commands including IP addresses, subnet masks, etc. Each router should be able to ping the interface of the adjacent (neighboring) router and the host on its LAN (Ethernet) interface. Test and troubleshoot as necessary. Use the context sensitive help, previous labs, your books and /or handouts and if your still having problems ask your partner or ask the instructor for assistance. Step 1 - Configuring Static Routes On each router configure a separate and specific static route for each network or subnet. You do not need to configure static routes for the router’s directly connected network(s) because like a host, by configuring the IP address and subnet mask on an interface tells the router that it belongs to that network/subnet.
Router1 Router1(config)# ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1 Router1(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 Router2 Router2(config)# ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 Router2(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 Router2(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 Router3 Router3(config)# ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Router3(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Router3(config)# ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Verify and Validate: All hosts and all routers should be able to ping every interface in the network. Do a “show running-config” and notice the static routes that you entered. Router# show ip route o What routes to networks do you see? o Which routes are static and which routes are directly connected? o What is the administrative distance for a static route? o What is the administrative distance for a directly connected network? Questions: How does the next-hop-ip-address help with the routing process? _____________________________________________. Does it give the entire route, i.e., subnet mask? _________________ What is it actually doing regarding the routing of the packet? ____________________________________________ How does a packet get from Host 2 to Host 3? ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Instead of a next-hop-ip-address, what else could you have used? ____________________________________________. What would you need to do if you added new networks or deleted/modified existing networks? ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Is there any way to summarize several static routes to multiple subnets into a single static route? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Outputs Router2#show ip route (Output omitted) Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets S 172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2 C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0 C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2
Router1#show ip route (output omitted) Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0 S 172.16.3.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.1 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
Router3#show ip route (Output omitted) Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets S 172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 S 172.16.2.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 S 172.16.3.0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
Step 2 - Configuring Summary Static Routes The configuration of the routers in Step 1 works just great and is a valid way to configure routing on these networks. Earlier, we noticed that the network 172.16.0.0 is divided into several subnets. The Router3 router does not really need separate static routes for each subnet, since all of the 172.16.0.0 subnets can be reached via the same next-hop-ip-address, i.e. Router1. Let’s reconfigure the static routes on Router3 so that it only uses a single static route to reach all of the 172.16.0.0 subnets.
Router1 No changes Router2 No changes Router3 First, remove the current static routes: Router3(config)# no ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Router3(config)# no ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Router3(config)# no ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 Now, add the new summary static route: Router3(config)# ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.1.2 Verify and Validate: All hosts and all routers should be able to ping every interface in the network. Do a “show running-config” and notice the static routes that you entered. Router3# show ip route o What routes to networks do you now see? Questions: What made this new summary static route work for all subnets? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Why is a single summary static route an advantage regarding the size of the routing table? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Why is a single summary static route an advantage regarding future changes to the 172.16.0.0 network? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Outputs Router3#show ip route (Output omitted)
Gateway of last resort is not set S 172.16.0.0/16 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
Step 3 - Configuring Default Static Routes Both Step 1 and Step 2 are acceptable ways to configure routing for these networks. We notice that the 172.16.3.0/24 and the 192.168.2.0/24 networks are “stub networks,” meaning that there is only one way out (both via Router1).
Router1 No changes Router2 First, remove the current static routes: Router2(config)# no ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 Router2(config)# no ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 Router2(config)# no ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 Now, add the new default static route: Router2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.2.2 Router3 First, remove the current static routes: Router3(config)# no ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.1.2 Now, add the new default static route: Router3(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2 Verify and Validate: All hosts and all routers should be able to ping every interface in the network. Do a “show running-config” and notice the static routes that you entered. Router2# show ip route o What routes to networks do you now see? Router3# show ip route o What routes to networks do you now see? Questions: Do you think static routes are still used even with dynamic routing (RIP, OSPF, etc.)? _______________. Hint: Think about the administrative distance. Do you think default static routes are still used even with dynamic routing (RIP, OSPF, etc.)? _______________. What is the disadvantage of doing this? How would a default static route be properly used in a real world network? (How would a company’s network use a default route when connecting to the Internet?) ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Outputs Router3#show ip route (Output omitted)
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
Save your current configuration to NVRAM.
End of Lab I hope you found this article to be of use and it helps you prepare for your Cisco CCNA certification. Achieving your CCNA certification is much more than just memorizing Cisco exam material. It is having the real world knowledge to configure your Cisco equipment and be able to methodically troubleshoot Cisco issues. So I encourage you to continue in your studies for your CCNA exam certification.
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GPS System & Address Validation For Packages
Can you be sure that the package you sent to a client was delivered as promised? If the company you choose for delivery has a GPS System & Address Validation program, you can know for certain. This system is designed to allow a delivery person to use a device that is about the size of a cellular phone to enter the package identification and make a GPS location stamp as well as a time stamp of the package and its delivery. This is an efficient way for the company to ensure that your delivery is always on time.
GPS service allows for very precise location on the face of the earth. Some units are precise enough that they can be used in land surveying. A unit can give a very precise location of the delivery truck when it is in front of a home making delivery or even at the door of the place where the unit is being delivered.
When expensive equipment is being delivered to a customer by a delivery service, this puts an end to a customer claiming to have never received the equipment. The carrier has GPS documentation that the delivery was made to the correct address. If delivery was made to the wrong address, then the carrier can return to that address to reclaim the equipment that was wrongly delivered.
Another use of this equipment is in the delivery of court papers to an individual. In addition to the manual address verification, the person serving the papers can have GPS address validation that the papers were served to the correct address.
The GPS system was first used experimentally by the US navy in 1960. Since that time several other satellites have been launched. These satellites have been used for airplanes and ships in navigation for years. In more recent times hand held units have become popular and today, many cell phones have included a GPS locator. These much smaller units have made it possible to allow GPS technology to be used for such things as address verification.
There are some limits to this system. The greatest one is that in developing the GPS system the US government has built in an error in the GPS system. This error may range from zero to one hundred meters. A location given by the GPS unit could be off by the distance of an American football field. The error is included on purpose to prevent use of this system by terrorists. The unit can give a general location of the delivery and an accurate time stamp, however it is still possible to deliver the package to the next door neighbor by mistake.
GPS address verification is overall a good system, but the driver will still need to use visual clues to make the delivery to the correct place. In addition, the system is very good at giving the driver directions to the next stop.
Overall the technology for this type of system is precise, but a built in error is a bug that will need to be worked out for the system to be as useful as possible.
GPS systems are getting cheaper everyday. It’s not hard to find where you need to go using address validation and spatial data.
